Joints: physiology, problems, and solutions

Joints are composed of several key elements:

• Cartilage: a smooth tissue that covers the ends of bones, allowing fluid and frictionless movement.
• Synovial fluid: a liquid produced by the synovial membrane that lubricates the joint.
• Ligaments: fibrous tissues that connect bones and stabilize the joints.
• Tendons: structures that attach muscles to bones and facilitate movement.

Common joint problems

• Several conditions can affect the joints, causing pain and discomfort:
• Osteoarthritis: a degeneration of joint cartilage that causes pain and stiffness.
• Arthritis: inflammation of the joints, often due to autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis.
• Bursitis: inflammation of the bursae, which are small fluid-filled sacs around the joints.
• Tendinitis: inflammation of the tendons, which can be caused by overuse or repetitive movements.

Tips for maintaining healthy joints

Weight management

Excess weight puts additional pressure on the joints, especially the knees, hips, and back. Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce this pressure and prevent cartilage wear.

Physical activity

Regular exercise helps strengthen the muscles around the joints, improving their support and stability. Favor low-impact activities like swimming, cycling, or walking.

Balanced diet

• A diet rich in essential nutrients contributes to joint health:
• Omega-3: these fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties and are found in fatty fish, flaxseeds, and nuts.
• Vitamin D and Calcium: they are crucial for bone and joint health. They can be found in dairy products, green vegetables, and supplements.
• Antioxidants: fruits and vegetables rich in antioxidants help fight inflammation. (Strawberries, blueberries, raspberries, blackberries, cherries, pomegranates, grapes, kiwi, oranges, spinach, kale, broccoli, carrots, peppers, tomatoes)

Supplements and plants

Certain supplements can be beneficial for the joints:

• Glucosamine and chondroitin: they are often used to improve cartilage health and reduce osteoarthritis symptoms.
• Turmeric and Boswellia: these plants have powerful anti-inflammatory properties.
• Devil’s claw: known as harpagophytum, this natural anti-inflammatory is used to relieve joint pain.
• Silicon: this mineral is involved in the formation of cartilage and bones.

Treatments

For severe pain, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can be prescribed to reduce inflammation and pain. Topical treatments like anti-inflammatory gels and creams can also be helpful.

Medical Consultation

If you suffer from persistent joint pain, it is important to consult a healthcare professional. A medical evaluation can help diagnose the cause of the pain and develop an appropriate treatment plan.

Feel free to talk to your pharmacist or doctor about it. Proper management can significantly improve your quality of life and mobility.